[root@TianRandai ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb            #对/dev/sdb进行操作
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n                       #建立一个分区
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p                         #分区类型为主分区,p是主分区,e是扩展分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1          #指定分区号
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +2G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t                       #指定分区标记类型
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'

Command (m for help): w                       #保存操作
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@TianRandai ~]#parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt             #指定磁盘模式为GPT
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on this disk
will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes                                                               
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@TianRandai ~]#parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 2G     #创建分区，分区类型为主分区，大小为2G
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? i                                                          
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@TianRandai ~]#parted /dev/sdb print                   #查看磁盘信息                
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
 1      17.4kB  2000MB  2000MB               primary

[root@TianRandai ~]#parted /dev/sdb rm 1                   #删除分区1
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@TianRandai ~]#parted /dev/sdb print                  #再次查看磁盘信息
 Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 
Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags

[root@TianRandai ~]#mkfs                   #文件系统的各个类型
mkfs         mkfs.cramfs  mkfs.ext3    mkfs.fat     mkfs.msdos   mkfs.xfs
mkfs.btrfs   mkfs.ext2    mkfs.ext4    mkfs.minix   mkfs.vfat    
[root@TianRandai ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1    #将/dev/sdb1格式化为ext4

[root@TianRandai ~]#mkdir /mnt/disk1                  #在/mnt/下建一个disk1目录
[root@TianRandai ~]#mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/disk1        #将格式化号的分区挂载到/mnt/disk1撒花姑娘
[root@TianRandai ~]#df -h                             #查看挂载及使用情况
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2        10G  4.5G  5.5G  45% /
devtmpfs        898M     0  898M   0% /dev
tmpfs           912M   88K  912M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           912M  9.0M  903M   1% /run
tmpfs           912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1      1014M  169M  846M  17% /boot
tmpfs           183M   20K  183M   1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1       1.9G  5.7M  1.7G   1% /mnt/disk1

[root@TianRandai ~]#free -h              #先看一下swap的大小
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1.8G        483M        429M         10M        911M        1.1G
Swap:          2.0G          0B        2.0G
[root@TianRandai ~]#mkswap /dev/sdb1     #格式化/dev/sdb1分区
mkswap: /dev/sdb1: warning: wiping old ext4 signature.
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1953104 KiB
no label, UUID=5d9a150e-c247-4c7f-a4be-273a72bd3b5a
[root@TianRandai ~]#swapon /dev/sdb1     #启用swap分区
[root@TianRandai ~]#free -h              #再次查看swap大小
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1.8G        484M        427M         10M        911M        1.1G
Swap:          3.9G          0B        3.9G