class Order extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord.{
 
 // 关联函数以get+要关联的数据表名来命名
 // 这是获取下订单的客户
 public function getUser(){
  
  // 第一个参数为要关联的子表模型类名，
  // 第二个参数指定 通过子表的user_id，关联主表的usesr_id字段
  // 这里写清楚点大概意思就是User.user_id => Order.user_id
 return $this->hasMany(User::className(), ['user_id' => 'user_id']);
 }
}

//获取订单信息
$order = Order::findOne(1);
//根据订单信息获取到用户信息
$user = $order->user;

//返回订单信息（包括用户信息）
$order = Order::find(1)->with('user');
//或者
$order = Order::find(1)->getUser();

SELECT * FROM order WHERE id=1;
SELECT * FROM user  WHERE user.user_id=order.user_id;

$user = $order->user;

//先释放缓存
unset($order->user);
$order->user;

public function getOrder() {
 return $this->hasMany(Order::className(), ['user_id' => 'user_id']);
}
 
public function getOrderGoods() {
 return $this->hasMany(OrderGoods::className(), ['order_id' => 'order_id'])->
  via('order');
}

$map = 'select
  user.name,
  order.id,
  order_goods.goods_id,
  goods.goods_name,
  stock.stock_count
  from user
  LEFT JOIN order   ON order.user_id = user.user_id
  LEFT JOIN order_goods ON order_goods.order_id = order.order_id
  LEFT JOIN goods   ON goods.goods_id = order_goods.goods_id
  LEFT JOIN stock   ON stock.goods_id = goods.goods_id';

$list1 = Article::findBySql($map)->asArray()->all();