在科研学习的过程中,我们难免需要查询相关的文献资料,而想必很多小伙伴都知道SCI-HUB,此乃一大神器,它可以帮助我们搜索相关论文并下载其原文。可以说,SCI-HUB造福了众多科研人员,用起来也是“美滋滋”。

Python实现一个论文下载器的过程

然而,当师姐告诉我:“xx,可以帮我下载几篇文献嘛"text-align: center">Python实现一个论文下载器的过程

一、代码分析

代码分析的详细思路跟以往依旧如此雷同,逃不过的还是:抓包分析->模拟请求->代码整合。由于一会儿kimol君还得去搬砖,今天就不详细展开了。

1. 搜索论文

通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文,并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址,代码如下:

def search_article(artName):
 '''
 搜索论文
 ---------------
 输入:论文名
 ---------------
 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接)
 '''
 url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/'
 headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
    'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
    'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
    'Content-Length':'123',
    'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren',
    'Connection':'keep-alive',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
 data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'',
   'request':artName}
 res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
 html = res.text
 soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
 iframe = soup.find(id='pdf')
 if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
  return ''
 else:
  downUrl = iframe['src']
  if 'http' not in downUrl:
   downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl
  return downUrl

2. 下载论文

得到了论文的链接地址之后,只需要通过requests发送一个请求,即可将其下载:

def download_article(downUrl):
 '''
 根据论文链接下载文章
 ----------------------
 输入:论文链接
 ----------------------
 输出:PDF文件二进制
 '''
 headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
    'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
    'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Connection':'keep-alive',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
 res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
 return res.content

二、完整代码

将上述两个函数整合之后,我的完整代码如下:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021
@author: kimol_love
"""
import os
import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 
def search_article(artName):
 '''
 搜索论文
 ---------------
 输入:论文名
 ---------------
 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接)
 '''
 url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/'
 headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
    'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
    'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
    'Content-Length':'123',
    'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren',
    'Connection':'keep-alive',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
 data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'',
   'request':artName}
 res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
 html = res.text
 soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
 iframe = soup.find(id='pdf')
 if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
  return ''
 else:
  downUrl = iframe['src']
  if 'http' not in downUrl:
   downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl
  return downUrl
  
def download_article(downUrl):
 '''
 根据论文链接下载文章
 ----------------------
 输入:论文链接
 ----------------------
 输出:PDF文件二进制
 '''
 headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
    'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
    'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Connection':'keep-alive',
    'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
 res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
 return res.content
 
def welcome():
 '''
 欢迎界面
 '''
 os.system('cls')
 title = '''
    _____ _____ _____  _ _ _ _ ____ 
    / ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \ 
    | (___ | |  | |______| |__| | | | | |_) |
    \___ \| |  | |______| __ | | | | _ < 
    ____) | |____ _| |_  | | | | |__| | |_) |
    |_____/ \_____|_____| |_| |_|\____/|____/
    
   '''
 print(title)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 while True:
  welcome()
  request = input('请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题:')
  print('搜索中...')
  downUrl = search_article(request)
  if downUrl == '':
   print('未找到相关论文,请重新搜索!')
  else:
   print('论文链接:%s'%downUrl)
   print('下载中...')
   pdf = download_article(downUrl)
   with open('%s.pdf'%request, 'wb') as f:
    f.write(pdf)
   print('---下载完成---')
  time.sleep(0.8)

不出所料,代码一跑,我便轻松完成了师姐交给我的任务,不香嘛?

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