python golang中grpc 使用示例代码详解

站长资源 2024/11/27 佚名

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python

1、使用前准备，安装这三个库

pip install grpcio
pip install protobuf
pip install grpcio_tools

2、建立一个proto文件hello.proto

// [python quickstart](https://grpc.io/docs/quickstart/python.html#run-a-grpc-application)
// python -m grpc_tools.protoc --python_out=. --grpc_python_out=. -I. hello.proto

// helloworld.proto
syntax = "proto3";
package test;

service Greeter {
 rpc SayHello(HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
 rpc SayHelloAgain(HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}

}
service Greetera{
 rpc SayStudent(Studentid) returns (Student){}
}
message Student {
 string msg=1;//json
}


message Studentid{
 string id=1;
}
message HelloRequest {
 string name = 1;
}

message HelloReply {
 string message = 1;
}

3、执行命令就会对应生成两个py文件

hello_pb2.py

hello_pb2_grpc.py

python -m grpc_tools.protoc --python_out=. --grpc_python_out=. -I. hello.proto

4、py服务端代码hello.server.py：

from concurrent import futures
import time
import grpc
import hello_pb2
import hello_pb2_grpc
import json
# 实现 proto 文件中定义的 GreeterServicer
class Greeter(hello_pb2_grpc.GreeterServicer):
 # 实现 proto 文件中定义的 rpc 调用
 def SayHello(self, request, context):
 return hello_pb2.HelloReply(message = 'hello {msg}'.format(msg = request.name))
 def SayHelloAgain(self, request, context):
 return hello_pb2.HelloReply(message='hello {msg}'.format(msg = request.name))

class Gretera(hello_pb2_grpc.GreeteraServicer):
 def SayStudent(self,request,context):
 print(request.id)
 if request.id=="0":
 c=hello_pb2.Student(msg=json.dumps({"name":"owen","age":22,"sex":"男"}))
 else:
 c=hello_pb2.Student(msg=json.dumps({"name":"lihui","age":23,"sex":"女"}))
 return c
def serve():
 # 启动 rpc 服务
 server = grpc.server(futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10))
 hello_pb2_grpc.add_GreeterServicer_to_server(Greeter(), server)
 hello_pb2_grpc.add_GreeteraServicer_to_server(Gretera(),server)
 server.add_insecure_port('[::]:50052')
 server.start()
 try:
 while True:
 time.sleep(60*60*24) # one day in seconds
 except KeyboardInterrupt:
 server.stop(0)
if __name__ == '__main__':
 serve()

py客户端代码hello.client.py：

import grpc
import hello_pb2
import hello_pb2_grpc
import json
def run():
 # 连接 rpc 服务器
 channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:50051')
 # 调用 rpc 服务
 stub = hello_pb2_grpc.GreeterStub(channel)
 response = stub.SayHello(hello_pb2.HelloRequest(name='czl'))
 print("Greeter client received: " + response.message)
 response = stub.SayHelloAgain(hello_pb2.HelloRequest(name='nsdnfkjda'))
 print("Greeter client received: " + response.message)
 stub1 = hello_pb2_grpc.GreeteraStub(channel)
 response1 = stub1.SayStudent(hello_pb2.Studentid(id='1'))
 print(json.loads(response1.msg))
if __name__ == '__main__':
 run()

golang

由于grpc是跨语言的所以这里用golang做为示范，golang客户端代码，小编这里也踩了许多坑，最主要的是两个proto文件一定要一致，golang 中使用必须安装protoc，windows将环境变量指向安装目录的bin下面：

1、protocal buffer安装

从 https://github.com/google/protobuf/releases 下载对应自己的系统（环境变量记得改）

2、安装 golang protobuf

go get -u github.com/golang/protobuf/proto // golang protobuf 库
go get -u github.com/golang/protobuf/protoc-gen-go //protoc --go_out 工具

3、安装 gRPC-go

go get google.golang.org/grpc

4、生成go文件

protoc --go_out=plugins=grpc:文件目录 对应的.proto文件
protoc --go_out=plugins=grpc:. hello.proto

生成hello.pb.go，调用的实现hello_go_client.go：

package main
import (
 "context"
 "encoding/json"
 "google.golang.org/grpc"
 "log"
 "student/test" //对应的生成文件目录
)
type Studenmsg struct {
 Name string
 Age int
 Sex string
}
func main() {
 // 建立连接到gRPC服务
 conn, err := grpc.Dial("127.0.0.1:50052", grpc.WithInsecure())
 if err != nil {
 log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
 }
 // 函数结束时关闭连接
 defer conn.Close()
 // 创建Waiter服务的客户端
 t := test.NewGreeteraClient(conn)
 tr,err:=t.SayStudent(context.Background(),&test.Studentid{Id:"1"})
 if err != nil {
 log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
 }
 var st Studenmsg
 err=json.Unmarshal([]byte(tr.Msg),&st)//这里说明一下发过来的数据是json格式转化成struct
 if err!=nil{
 log.Println(err.Error())
 }
 log.Println(st.Name,st.Age,st.Sex)
}

总结

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