open(file, mode='r', buffering=None, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None, closefd=True)

'r' open for reading (default)
'w' open for writing, truncating the file first
'x' create a new file and open it for writing

'a' open for writing, appending to the end of the file if it exists

'b' binary mode二进制模式打开，可与其他模式一起使用
't' text mode (default)
'+' open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
'U' universal newline mode (deprecated)支持所有的换行符号

message = '''
hello world,\n
hello python,\n
good time.
'''
f = open('test.txt','w')
f.write(message)
f.close()

# 使用readline模式读取文件
f = open('test.txt','r')
while True:
line = f.readline()
if line:
print(line)
else:
break
f.close()
#如果line = f.readline(2)则表示每次循环只读取两字节的内容，直到行的末尾

# 多行读取文件
f = open('test.txt')
lines = f.readlines()
for line in lines:
print(line)
f.close()

# 一次读取文件
f = open('test.txt','r')
lines = f.read()
print(lines)
f.close()

with open('test.txt','rb') as src:
rd = src.read(100)
print(rd)
print(src.seek(src.tell()))
rd = src.read(100)
print(rd)
print(src.seek(src.tell()))
#每次读取100字节，然后返回指针的位置

with open('test.txt','r') as src:
da = src.read()
print(da)
#只读模式打开文件并赋值给src，然后对文件进行操作即可，代码与使用open()来操作文件相同。

m1 = 'hello world'
l1 = ['good','time']
f = open('test1.txt','w')
f.write(m1)
f.writelines(l1)
f.close()

m1 = 'hello python'
f = open('test1.txt','a+')
f.write(m1)
f.close()

import os
if os.path.exists('../test.txt'):
os.remove('test.txt')
print('is del')
else:
print('no')

#使用read()、write()实现文件复制
f1 = open('1.txt','r')
f2 = open('2.txt','w')
f2.write(f1.read())
f2.close()
f1.close()

import shutil
shutil.move('1.txt','2.txt')

import os
os.rename('1.txt','11.txt')

import shutil
shutil.move('11.txt','1.txt')

import os
files = os.listdir('.')
for filename in files:
li = os.path.splitext(filename)#返回后文件名和后缀名的列表
if li[1] == '.html':
newname = li[0] + '.htm'
os.rename(filename,newname)

glob.glob('*.html')

glob.glob('C:\\\w*\\*\\txt') 

python, equal to anything！