一、安装mysql软件
下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository,Mysql版本8.0.20
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
下载后直接yum安装
yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
安装MySQL服务器
yum -y install mysql-community-server
[root@CentOS Linux]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql80-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 57 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community/x86_64/p FAILED B 00:51:07 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 72 kB 00:00:00 mysql80-community/x86_64/prima FAILED B 00:00:15 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (3/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 107 kB 00:00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.20-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 4.5 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 1.2 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 488 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 47 M mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 609 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages) Total download size: 541 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Public key for mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/5): mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 609 kB 00:00:00 (2/5): mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 4.5 MB 00:00:13 (3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00:04 mysql-community-client-8.0.20- FAILED B 00:22:23 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (4/5): mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 488 MB 00:22:18 (5/5): mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 MB 00:01:57 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 376 kB/s | 541 MB 00:24:34 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Is this ok [y/N]: y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 6/6 Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 Complete!
安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb
二、配置Mysql数据库
启动MySQL
systemctl start mysqld.service
查看MySQL运行状态
systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-05-13 23:57:41 HKT; 18s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 9563 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 9649 (mysqld) Status: "Server is operational" Tasks: 39 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─9649 /usr/sbin/mysqld May 13 23:57:34 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... May 13 23:57:41 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
找出root初始密码
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-05-13T15:57:37.815353Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9*CxxNRWHqmL
进入数据库：
mysql -uroot -p
输入密码（密码是上面查询到的 ,/wsw6gif;eH ），此时不能操作数据库，必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';
其中‘new password'替换成你要设置的密码，注意:密码设置必须要大小写字母数字和特殊符号（,/';:等）,不然不能配置成功
三、开启mysql的远程访问
执行以下命令开启远程访问限制（注意：下面命令开启的IP是 192.168.0.1，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP）,mysql8.0和以前的版本不一样，不能用原来的命令同时授权和创建用户：
create user 'root'@'192.168.0.1' identified by 'password'; grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.1' with grant option;
再输入以下两行命令
flush privileges; exit
四、为firewalld添加开放端口
添加mysql端口3306和Tomcat端口8080
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
重新载入
firewall-cmd --reload
最后在windows下用mysql命令登录
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18363.778] (c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。 C:\Users\highning>mysql -h 192.168.88.88 -P 3306 -u root -p Enter password: ******** Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
修改密码安全策略，改为LOW，密码长度最小6位
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password.check_user_name | ON | | validate_password.dictionary_file | | | validate_password.length | 8 | | validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password.number_count | 1 | | validate_password.policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password.special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.length=6; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password.check_user_name | ON | | validate_password.dictionary_file | | | validate_password.length | 6 | | validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password.number_count | 1 | | validate_password.policy | LOW | | validate_password.special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
关于 mysql 密码策略相关参数；
1）、validate_password.length 固定密码的总长度；
2）、validate_password_dictionary_file 指定密码验证的文件路径；
3）、validate_password_mixed_case_count 整个密码中至少要包含大/小写字母的总个数；
4）、validate_password_number_count 整个密码中至少要包含阿拉伯数字的个数；
5）、validate_password.policy 指定密码的强度验证等级，默认为 MEDIUM；
6）、validate_password_special_char_count 整个密码中至少要包含特殊字符的个数；
关于 validate_password.policy 的取值：
LOW：只验证长度；
MEDIUM：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符；
STRONG：验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件；
总结
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